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=Chapter 33: From the "Age of Limits" to the Age of Reagan=

** Main Ideas: **

 * 1) The difficult problems faced by both Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter, including a controversial pardon, a sluggish economy, an energy crunch, and a Middle Eastern crisis.
 * 2) Religious revivalism, the tax revolt, and the challenge of the New Right to the liberal-moderate consensus that had dominated American politics since the New Deal.
 * 3) The personal magnetism, hybrid conservatism, supply-side economic policies, and foreign policy challenges of Ronald Reagan.
 * 4) The end of the Cold War under Mikhail Gorbachev, and the foreign policy problems facing George H.W. Bush.

** Text Resources: **
James Morton Turner, //"The Specter of Environmentalism": Wilderness, Environmental Politics, and the Evolution of the New Right//, Journal of American History, Vol. 96. No. 1, June 2009. The American West has been a fertile seedbed for opposition to environmental reform. James Morton Turner argues that populist opposition to environmental reform from the 1970s into the 1990s did not emerge most forcefully in battles over pollution, toxins, and other threats to public health, but in response to liberal Democrats and environmentalists’ championing of a new federal role in addressing long-standing issues such as wilderness protection. Through its national agenda, beginning in the 1970s the Republican party successfully harnessed growing anger over public lands protection. Republicans thereby made the public lands, especially those in the West, an issue essential to the rise of the conservative Right in the postwar era. This is an excellent reading with multiple layers. Students will review the key terms of the environmental movement of the 1960s and 1970s, learn about the conservative backlash and the emergence of the New Right. It sets students up to review the West of the Gilded Age with the environmental reforms 100 years later, and brings the story of environmentalism through Clinton.

William Cronon's essay